This study employs Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and the active surface wave method to conduct geophysical exploration in the northern cliff area of Dafowan, Dazu Rock Carvings, where unloading fracture development is identified, aiming to achieve a detailed characterization of unloading fracture patterns. The 
sandstone rock mass in the study area exhibits extensive fracture development induced by tectonic movements 
and weathering processes, posing a significant threat to the stability of the rock carvings. ERT is employed to 
delineate resistivity distributions and identify water-bearing fracture zones, while the active surface wave method 
is utilized to invert shear wave velocity fields and evaluate fracture development intensity. Results demonstrate that ERT effectively identifies spatial positions and geometric configurations of fractures, whereas the active surface wave method reliably verifies the integrity of deep rock masses. The synergistic application of these two methods significantly improves the characterization accuracy of fracture systems, providing a scientific basis for stability assessment and subsequent engineering interventions of dangerous rock masses.