Cave temple archaeology is an essential branch of Chinese archaeology. In August 2021, the National Cultural Heritage Administration released the “Medium and Long Term Plan for Archaeology of Cave Temples in China (2021—2035)”, which signifies a new phase in China's archaeological research on cave temples. From aspects of Buddhist archaeology, cave temple archaeology and future archaeological work, a preliminary discussion that may benefit the present and future archaeological work of cave temples in China is made in this paper about the connotation, object, and method of Buddhist archaeology, and the normative recording of cave temple archaeology, the cleaning procedures for relics on cliff surface and ruins at cave entrance, the compiling of archaeological reports, and those practical issues demanding attention and solution.