大足地区常年潮湿，霉菌、细菌、地衣等生物容易生存繁衍，这给大足石刻带来了较为严重的生物病害问题。在本研究工作中，我们通过传统微生物培养和宏基因组测序技术对大足石刻宝顶山卧佛、小佛湾摩崖造像的生物病害种类开展了鉴定和分类，并对其危害程度进行了调查与评估。实验室培养分离鉴定有 7种霉菌和细菌，分子水平测序则鉴定出已知的微生物多达 180 个属，包括细菌 80 余属、真菌 30 余属，囊括了细菌、真菌、病毒、寄生生物等 4 类。为有效预防和杀灭微生物，从而降低其对石刻造成的危害，我们通过实验室验证和应用效果评估相结合的方式研发并筛选出石刻生物病害防治剂。对大足石刻宝顶山卧佛、小佛湾摩崖造像实验样区进行持续观察和检测表明，实验组霉菌、藻类、苔藓等生物病害发生现象明显小于没有经过处理的对照组。经过 6 年的持续跟踪调研，生物病害防治剂的应用效果良好，有效作用时间可达 3 年，具有抑制霉菌、地衣、细菌等的作用，超过 3 年后抑制效果开始下降。

The Dazu area is perennially humid, making it conducive to the survival and reproduction of organisms 
such as mold, bacteria, and lichens, which pose serious biological disease problems to the Dazu Rock Carvings. In this study, traditional microbial culture and metagenomic sequencing techniques are used to identify and classify the types of biological diseases in the Reclining Buddha at Baoding Mountain and Xiaofowan, Dazu Rock Carvings, and to investigate and evaluate their damage levels. Laboratory culture and isolation identifies 7 species of molds and bacteria, while molecular-level sequencing identifies as many as 180 known microbial genera, including more than 80 genera of bacteria and over 30 genera of fungi, covering 4 categories: bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. To effectively prevent and eradicate microorganisms and thereby reduce their damage to the rock carvings, biological disease control agents are developed and screened through a combination of laboratory verification and application effect evaluation. Continuous observation and testing of the experimental sample areas in the Reclining Buddha at Baoding Mountain and Xiaofowan indicate that the occurrence of biological diseases such as mold, algae, and moss in the experimental group is significantly less than that in the untreated control group. After 6 years of continuous follow-up research, the application effect of the biological disease control agent shows goodefficacy, with an effective duration of up to 3 years, efficiently inhibiting mold, lichens, bacteria, etc, and the inhibitory effect begins to decline after more than 3 years.